A panel of experts appointed by the UN called Thursday for the establishment of international rules governing artificial intelligence (AI), stressing that its development and use cannot rely solely on private or commercial interests.

The report, commissioned by the UN Secretary-General, emphasizes that the cross-border nature of AI requires a coordinated global approach. 

Artificial intelligence is transforming a wide range of sectors—from scientific research and energy efficiency to public health, agriculture, and the advancement of the Sustainable Development Goals. However, experts caution that without regulation, its benefits could be concentrated in a small group of countries and companies, increasing global inequalities. 

The report highlights significant risks, including potential human rights violations, the militarization of autonomous systems capable of making decisions without human oversight, and the spread of disinformation affecting civilians. Furthermore, competition for critical minerals necessary for AI could escalate geopolitical and economic tensions. 

Other governance conclusions

Another key concern is the lack of inclusion in international AI governance. Currently, only seven countries actively participate in major initiatives outside the UN, while 118 nations, mostly from the Global South, are excluded.

“Equity requires that more voices play a meaningful role in decisions on how artificial intelligence is governed, since it affects their lives,” the report states. 

To address these challenges, the UN experts recommend several concrete measures: creating an independent international scientific panel on AI, establishing an intergovernmental and multistakeholder dialogue on governance, and holding biannual meetings to share best practices.

They also propose a global fund to reduce the digital divide and ensure that any military deployment of artificial intelligence complies with international humanitarian law and human rights standards. 

Overall, the recommendations aim for UN member states to build the first inclusive global framework for AI governance, based on international cooperation, transparency, and equitable participation. The report stresses that only a global approach can maximize the benefits of artificial intelligence while minimizing its risks, protecting the security and human rights of people everywhere.